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Types and Value Categories
The type system is one of the most core designs in C++—it determines how data is laid out in memory, what the compiler checks for you, and what operations you can perform on a piece of data. In this chapter, we start with basic data types to understand exactly what integers, floating-point numbers, characters, and booleans are in C++. Then we discuss the potentially tricky implicit rules of type conversion, and revisit our old friend const. Finally, we get an initial taste of the concept of "value categories," laying the groundwork for understanding move semantics later on.