Types and Value Categories
The type system is one of the most core designs in C++—it determines how data is laid out in memory, what the compiler checks for you, and what operations you can perform on a piece of data. In this chapter, we start with fundamental data types, exploring what integers, floating-point numbers, characters, and booleans really are in C++. Then we discuss the implicit rules of type conversion that are easy to trip over, and revisit our old friend const. Finally, we get an initial taste of the concept of "value categories," laying the groundwork for understanding move semantics later on.