Template Basics (C++11-14)

C++ templates are the core mechanism of generic programming. This part moves from "using templates" to "writing libraries, reading STL source," covering the compilation model, specialization and partial specialization, non-type parameters, two-phase name lookup, hidden friends, alias templates, and CRTP, finally welding the first nine pieces together with a fixed_vector<T, N> project.

Runnable examples live in code/examples/vol4/vol1-basics-cpp11-14/: the four most reusable ones (fixed_vector, CRTP static polymorphism, the Comparable mixin, and type_traits from scratch), each compiles with g++ -std=c++20 xxx.cpp.

Templates, From Scratch: A Code Recipe with Placeholders→Function Templates, In Depth: Compilation Model and the No-Partial-Specialization Trap→Class Templates: Members, Dependent Names, and Lazy Instantiation→Template Specialization and Partial Specialization: The Art of Pattern Matching→Non-Type Template Parameters: From Integers to C++20 Floats and Class Types→Name Lookup and ADL: How Two-Phase Lookup Works→Template Friends and Barton-Nackman: The Hidden Friends Trick→Alias Templates and using Declarations: Short Names for Types→CRTP: Static Polymorphism with the Curiously Recurring Template Pattern→Project: fixed_vector→